Plain-language notes on U.S. tax deadlines, IRS letters, cross-border reporting and running a small business, written by the CPAs who handle these questions every day.
NFTL is a public claim on property—not a levy. High-level release vs withdrawal (Pub. 1450), credit/refinance impact, and why respond before filing. Cary/RTP education; does not promise an outcome.
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How IA (Form 9465), OIC (Form 656), and CNC hardship differ when a notice says you can’t pay in full—user fees subject to current IRS amounts. Cary/RTP education; does not promise an outcome.
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NCDOR Notice of Assessment: pay or object (Form NC-242) within about 45 days; Notice of Collection may add a collection assistance fee (NCDOR materials describe 20%—verify live pages). Cary/RTP federal–state checklist.
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What Letter 5071C and CP01E mean: identity verification windows, refund holds, IP PIN follow-ups, and IRS scam warnings. Cary/RTP practical checklist. Education only; does not promise an outcome.
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Form 3520 §6677/§6039F-style penalties: Part I/III greater of $10k or 35%; Part II owner greater of $10k or 5%; Part IV gifts 5%/month max 25%; continuation after notice. China remittance education; amounts subject to current IRS published figures.
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Form 8938 §6038D: $10,000 initial failure-to-file, continuation after IRS 90-day notice (cap $50,000), and possible 40% §6662 on related underpayments; amounts subject to current IRS published figures. GC/H-1B compliance education.
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How to read nonwillful vs willful FBAR penalty maxima for late/missing FinCEN Form 114: Bittner per-report framing, reasonable-cause education; amounts subject to current FinCEN/IRS published tables. Cary/China bilingual compliance planning.
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When Forms 941/940 are late, §6651 filing/pay penalties can stack with §6656 deposit penalties—common for restaurants and seasonal staffing. Cross-link §6656 and TFRP concepts; subject to current IRS rates.
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§6672 TFRP: responsible persons who willfully fail to collect/account for/pay trust-fund taxes may face 100% of unpaid trust-fund amounts (employee withholding + employee FICA share). Letter 1153 high-level; subject to current IRS rates.
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§6662 generally ~20% (40% in certain gross-valuation / undisclosed foreign-asset underpayments); §6663 civil fraud 75%; no stacking on the same portion. Form 8275 & substantiation education; subject to current IRS rates.
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Payer penalties under §6721 vs §6722: tiered $60/$130/$340 windows, intentional disregard, e-file ≥10, Notice 972CG. Subject to current IRS published amounts.
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§6654/§6655 estimated-tax additions: 90%/100%/110% safe harbors, Forms 2210/2220, annualized option; RTP RSU under-withholding. Subject to current IRS rates.
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§6656 FTD ladder 2%/5%/10%/15% for 941/940 depositors; distinct from §6651 and TFRP. Subject to current IRS rates. Cary employer checklist.
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§6651 FTF ~5%/mo and FTP ~0.5%/mo; minimum FTF and 1065/1120-S per-person bases subject to current IRS rates. Cary/RTP formula education.
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How to read a Letter 3219 SNOD: 90/150-day Tax Court clock, writing IRS generally does not extend, certified-mail education. Cary/RTP checklist.
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CP21/CP22 mean IRS already changed your return or account (math error, credit adjustment, payment transfer, and more). How to read the change table, contrast with CP2000/SNOD, and respond—Cary/RTP compliance planning.
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CP2000 is an AUR proposed-adjustment notice—not a bill. Agree vs disagree, documentation, deadlines, and why silence can become an assessment—Cary/RTP compliance planning.
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Letter 1058/LT11 final intent to levy and ~30-day CDP hearing (Form 12153): levy scope and IA/OIC/CNC option education—does not promise a levy stop.
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CP501→CP503→CP504 ladder: how reminders escalate to intent-to-levy language and lien warnings—distinct from Letter 1058. Cary/RTP reading checklist.
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How to read a CP14 balance-due bill: pay-by date, installment or dispute paths, and FTP (~0.5%/month, subject to current IRS rates). Cary/RTP practical checklist.
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Articles are general information, not tax or legal advice for your specific situation.
